Karakterisasi Morfologi Ikan Bujuk (Channa lucius) pada Perairan Danau Singkarak Sumatera Barat, Rawa Banjiran Tanjung Jabung Timur Jambi dan Rawa Banjiran Kampar Riau
Abstract
Overfishing, the use of unfriendly-environmental fishing gears, changes of environmental water conditions and diversity of habitats are threaten the continuity of Bujuk fish (Channa lucius) and generate the morphologycal diversity. Consequently, appropriate conservation efforts are needed to preserve the fish. The first phase of these efforts were done through morphological approach. The research was held in 2010 in Singkarak Lake West Sumatera Province, in floodplain, Pematang sub-district Lindung Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung, Province of Jambi, and in floodplain Mentulik Regency Kampar Kiri Hilir Riau Province. The aims of the research were to analyze the morphological characteristic of the fish with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to determine the range of similarity between populations of the fish. Determination of the location of fish sampling was conducted by proposive sampling in which there were 30 samples for every research location. The measurement of the specimen was done by digital calipers on the left of the body, at 4 meristic characters and 19 morphometric characters. The data obtained were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and principal component analysis using Statistical software version 13. The results showed that based on the analysis of morphological characteristics of bujuk fish, populations that exist in Lake Singkarak were different from those of Pematang Lindung floodplain sub-district Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung Jambi Province and Mentulik Regency floodplain Kampar Kiri Hilir Province Riau. The meristic difference was on the number of scales along the lateral line with a value of 0.783. While the main difference on morphometric characters were the snout length with a value of 0.848, and length of upper jaw with a value of 0.847. Thus, the study showed that the fish was isolated geographically into two groups, which were Jambi-Riau population and Singkarak Lake population.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alawi, H., Rengi, P & Tang, U.M. 2008. Direktori Ikan Komersil Di Perairan Umum Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau. Pekanbaru: Unri Press.
Amis, M.A., Rouget, M., Lotter, M & Day, J. 2009. Integrating freshwater and terrestrial priorities in conservation planning. Biol Conserv 142(10): 2217–2226.
Arifin, O.Z & Kurniasih, T. 2007. Karakteristik morfologi keturunan pertama ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) GET dan GIFT berdasarkan metode truss morphometrics. Jurnal Ris Akuakultur 2(3): 377–387.
Azrita, H., Syandri & Aryani, N. 2010. Studi kadar nutrisi telur ikan Balingka (Puntius blinka) di Danau Singkarak. Makalah disampaikan pada seminar Limnologi IV LIPI di Bogor.
Beacham, T.D., Withler, R.E & Gould, A.P. 1985a. Biochemical genetic stock identification of pink salmon (Oncohynchus gorbuscha) in southern Bristish Columbia and Puget Sound. Can J Fish Aqua Sci 42(1): 474–483.
Beacham, T.D., Withler & Gould, A.P. 1985b. Biochemical genetic stock identification of chum salmon (Oncohynchus keta) in southern Bristish Columbia and Puget Sound. Can J Fish Aqua Sci 42(1): 437–448.
Clayton, R.R & Mac Crimmon, H.R. 1987. Partitioning size from morphometric data: A comparison of five statistical prosedurs used in fisheries stock indentification research. Can Tehn Rep Fish Aq Serv 1531: 1–23.
Gaffar, A.K & Nasution, Z. 1990. Upaya domestifikasi ikan perairan umum. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian IX(4): 69– 75.
Gustiano, R. 2003. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Pangasiidae Catfishes from Asia (Ostariophysi,Siluriformes). Thesis for the Doctor’s Degree (Ph.D). Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Leuven. Belgium. 296 p.
Gustiano, R., Haryanti & Sulaeman. 2007. Arah riset biotek breeding perikanan budi daya ke depan. Media Akuakultur 2(1): 164–168.
Jawad, L.A. 2001. Variation in meristic characters of a tilapiaan fish, Tilapia zili (Gervais, 1848) from the inland water bodies in Libya. Acta Ichthyol Piscat 31(1): 159–164.
Kartamihardja, E.S., Purnomo, K & Umar, C. 2009. Sumber daya perairan umum daratan di Indonesia terabaikan. Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia 1(1): 1–15.
Kottelat, M., Whitten, A.J., with Kartikasari, S.N & Wirjoatmodjo, S. 1993. Freshwater Fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Edition (HK), Jakarta.
Kristanto, A.H., Asih, S & Winarlin. 2007. Karakteristik reproduksi dan morfometrik ikan Batak dari dua lokasi (Sumatera Utara dan Jawa Barat). Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 2(1): 59–65.
Mc.Glade, J.M & Boulding, E. 1985. The truss: A geometricand statistic approach to the analysis of from in fish. Can Tech Rep Fish. Aquacult Sci 147: 34–55.
Muflikhah, N. 2007. Domestikasi ikan gabus (Chana striatus). Jurnal Bawal 1(5): 169–175.
Nei, M. 1987. Moleculer Evolution Genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.
Ng, P.K.L & Lim, K.K.P. 1990. Snakeheads (Pisces : Channidae) : Natural. History, biology and economic importance : Essays in Zoology, Paper Commemorating the 40th.
Nugroho, E, Hadie, W., Subagja, J & Kurniasih, T. 2005. Keragaman genetik dan morfometrik pada ikan Baung (Mystus nemerus ) dari Jambi, Wonogiri dan Jatiluhur. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan 11(7 ): 1–6.
Said, A. 2007. Beberapa jenis kelompok ikan Gabus (MargaChana) di daerah aliran sungan Musi, Sumatera Selatan.
Jurnal Bawal 1(4): 121–126.
Samuel., Djie, S.A & Nasution, Z. 2002. Aspek lingkungan dan biologi ikan di Danau Arang-Arang Provinsi Jambi. JPPI, edisi sumber daya dan penangkapan 1(8): 1–13.
Saraswati, P.K & Sabnis, S.V. 2006. Comparison of CART and discriminat analysis of morphometric data in
foraminiferal taxonomy. Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias. Ind Fish Res J 29: 153–162.
Schaeffer, K.M. 1991. Geografic variation in morphometric characters and gill-raker counts in yellowfin tuna (Tunnus albacares) from Pacific ocean. Fish Buletin 89: 289– 297.
Sprent, P. 1972. The mathematics of size and shape. Beometric (28): 23–37.
Strauss, R.E & Bookstein, F.L. 1982. The truss: Body form reconstruction in morphometrics. Syst Zool 31: 113– 135.
Sunarno, M.T.D., Wibowo, A & Subagja. 2007. Identifikasi tiga kelompok ikan belida (Chitala lopis) di sungai Tulang Bawang, Kampar dan Kapuas dengan pendekatan biometric. Jurnal Perikanan Indonesia 13(2): 87–94.
Syandri, H., Basri, Y., Aryani, N & Azrita. 2008. Kanjian kandungan nutrisi telur ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) dari limbah hasil penangkapan nelayan di Danau Singkarak. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan 13(1): 118–126.
Syandri, H., Azrita & Aryani, N. 2009. Peningkatan daya reproduksi ikan Kiung (Channa lucius Cuvier) dengan rangsangan hormon LHRH-a dan vitamin E. Jurnal Sigmatek 9(3): 1 9–16.
Syandri, H. 2011. Kadar nutrisi limbah telur ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) sebagai sumber ransum pakan. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 10(1): 74– 80.
Turan, C., Denis, E., Turan, F & Erguden, M. 2004. Genetic and morfometric structure of Liza abu (Heckel 1843).
Population from the rivers Orontes. Eupharates and Tigris. Turk. J Vet Anim Sci (28): 729–734.
Turan, C., Oral, M., Õztürk, B & Düzgünes, E. 2006. Morphometric and meristic variation between stocks of Bluefish
(Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Black, Marmara, Aegean and northeastern Mediterranean Seas. Fish. Res 79: 139–147.
Tzeng, T.D. 2004. Morphological variation between populations of spotted mackerel (Scomber austra-lasicus) off Taiwan. Fish Res 68(1-3): 45–55.
Wibowo, A., Sunarno, M.T.D., Makmur, S & Subagja. 2008. Identifikasi struktur stok ikan belida (Chitala spp) dan implikasinya untuk manajemen populasi alami. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 14(1): 31–44.
Wibowo, A., Sunarno, M.T.D., Subagja & Hidayah, T. 2009. Karakterisasi populasi ikan putak ( Notopterus notopterus) menggunakan analisis keragaman fenotipik dan daerah 16SRNA DNA mitokondria. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 15 (1): 1–12.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.15.1.1-8
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2014 Azrita ', Hafrijal Syandri, Dahelmi ', Syaifullah ', Estu Nugroho
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.