Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau
CONTROLLING CANNIBALISM OF ASIAN REDTAIL CATFISH (Hemibagrus nemurus) LARVAE USING PASTE FEED SUPPLEMENTED WITH TURMERIC FLOUR
Cannibalism is a significant issue during the early stages of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) culture, as it negatively affects survival rates. This study aimed to investigate of turmeric (Curcuma longa) flour supplementation in pasta feed to control cannibalism in Asian redtail catfish larvae and the potential to replace silk worm as a feed. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, consisting of five treatment groups with four replications each. The larvae were fed pasta diets supplemented with varying doses of turmeric flour (0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg), along with a comparative feed using Tubifex sp. The parameters assessed included cannibalism rate, survival rate, and growth performance. The results showed that the highest survival rate (93.33 ± 1.33%) and lowest cannibalism index (2.67 ± 0.94%) were observed in the group fed Tubifex sp. The highest weight gain (24.22 ± 0.53 g) and specific growth rate (9.35 ± 0.03%) were also recorded in this group. However, supplementation of turmeric flour at a dosage of 15 mg/kg in pasta feed was able to reduce cannibalism and improve the growth of Asian redtail catfish larvae. This treatment resulted in a cannibalism index of 11% and a survival rate of 82.67%. In terms of growth performance, larvae under this treatment exhibited a weight gain of 6.13 g, a length gain of 3.58 cm, a specific growth rate (SGR) of 6.07%/day, and a particular growth rate of length (SLR) of 4.25%/day. Pasta feed supplemented with 15 mg/kg turmeric flour can serve as an alternative to replace silk worms, achieving 25% of their weight gain and 63% of their length gain.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ade Yulindra, Benny Heltonika, Netti Aryani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EDIBLE FILM CHARACTERISTICS WITH CARRAGEENAN (Eucheuma cottonii) FLOUR EXTRACTED WITH DIFFERENT BASE SOLVENTS
Edible film is a primary packaging in the form of a thin layer and functions as a coating for food ingredients, which can be made from hydrocolloid compounds. Carrageenan polysaccharide is one of the hydrocolloids used to make edible films because it produces strong gel properties. Eucheuma cottonii is a seaweed that produces relatively high levels of kappa carrageenan, namely around 50%. This research aims to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of edible film with carrageenan flour from E. cottonii extracted with different base solvents. The research method was carried out experimentally with an experimental design, namely a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three levels of treatment, namely differences in carrageenan flour extracted with KOH, NaOH and Ca(OH)2 solvents. The parameters of this research are physical and mechanical analysis of edible film including testing tensile strength, thickness, percent elongation, and water vapor transmission rate. The research results showed that the best results were in the treatment of carrageenan flour extracted with KOH solvent, where the physical and mechanical analysis of the edible film showed a tensile strength value of 9.49±0.50 MPa, a thickness of 0.03±0.003 mm, a water vapor transmission rate of 30.13±0.41 g/m2/day, and a percent elongation 9.86±0.41%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putriana Sari Sirait, Andarini Diharmi, Heriza Azmi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YIELD (MSY) ESTIMATION AND CATCH POTENTIAL OF JINGA SHRIMP (Metapenaeus monoceros) IN WEST TANJUNG JABUNG WATERS, JAMBI PROVINCE
One of the key commodities in the capture fisheries sector is the Jinga Shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros), which is widely distributed in tropical waters, including the coastal area of Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi Province. This study aims to estimate the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and the fishing potential of Jinga Shrimp in the waters of Tanjung Jabung Barat. The data used are secondary data on annual catch and fishing effort from 2017 to 2023, obtained from the local Fisheries Office. The analysis was conducted using the Schaefer model approach, which includes calculations of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE), MSY, optimum effort (EMSY), Allowable Catch, utilization rate, and exploitation rate. The results showed an MSY value of 2,189.60 tons/year and an EMSY of 68.19 trips/year. As the safe harvest limit, the allowable catch was set at 1,751.68 tons/year (80% of MSY). The average utilization rate was 88%, indicating that the resource has not yet experienced overfishing. However, the exploitation rate has exceeded the optimum limit (124%) and is considered overfishing. The negative relationship between CPUE and effort (R² = 96.72%) indicates a decline in stock due to high fishing intensity. Therefore, adaptive and stock-based management policies are necessary to ensure this region's sustainable conservation of Jinga Shrimp populations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lauura Hermala Yunita, Diah Maulani Saputri, Yoppie Wulanda, M Hariski, Wulandari Wulandari, Hasanah Hasanah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
UTILIZATION OF MANTIS SHRIMP RESOURCES (Harpiosquilla raphidea) IN LABUHANBATU WATERS, NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE
Mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) can be found in the waters of Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra Province. The significant economic value and fishing effort of this shrimp species are believed to affect the decline in population numbers in the Labuhanbatu aquatic ecosystem, which has the potential to threaten the sustainability of its natural habitat. This study aimed to analyze the resource utilization of mantis shrimp in Labuhanbatu waters. The research methodology used was secondary data analysis. The research was conducted from November 2024 to April 2025, specifically in the waters of Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra Province. The dataset analyzed includes time series data from 2017 to 2024, including information on mantis shrimp catches and the number of fishing trips obtained from the Labuhanbatu Regency Marine and Fisheries Service. Data analysis was carried out using the Gordon-Schaefer bioeconomic model, along with calculations of utilization rates and effort rates. The results of the resource utilization analysis showed that mantis shrimp in Labuhanbatu have been overexploited. In catch rate optimization and cost reduction, scenarios that produce maximum economic yield (MEY) show higher profitability than scenarios based on maximum sustainable yield (MSY). This highlights the unsustainability of open-access mantis shrimp fishing practices in Labuhanbatu waters and the potential for mantis shrimp resource depletion. Furthermore, the utilization rate estimated at 93% indicates overexploitation, where the exploitation rate exceeds the MSY threshold. In addition, the effort rate reached 91%, indicating that the production capacity is almost at the maximum limit.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irham Huspa Khasahatan Siregar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MANAGING CANNIBALISM AND IMPROVING LARVAL SURVIVAL IN BARRAMUNDI HATCHERY
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) are economically valuable and usually cultivated in tropical marine hatcheries. Their fertilization and hatching rates are generally high, but poor survivorship of larvae due to cannibalism and cohort mismanagement remains a problem. In this study, we sought to address field-based techniques for controlling cannibalism and augmenting larval survival in large-scale hatcheries at Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BBPBL), Lampung, Indonesia. A 30-day rearing cycle was completed through descriptive observation methods focused on reproduction, and growth monitoring was performed concerning feeder grade improvement. The recorded data indicated a fertilization rate of 86% alongside an impressive hatching rate of 96%. However, the survival rate dropped to 52%, primarily due to cannibalism. Considerable size disparity among cohorts, lack of grading during asynchronous growth periods, and stunted development seem to drive cannibalism under these conditions. Increasing the frequency or decreasing the size gap between assessments has proven effective in enhancing survival levels alongside better feeding synchronization, water quality management, and reduced particulate matter concentration in water tanks. These outcomes will assist tropical aquaculture systems with long-term sustainable frameworks while providing actionable insight to hatchery managers without further testing
Copyright (c) 2025 Indra Lesmana, Irwan Effendi, Indra Suharman, Iskandar Putra, Abigael Ruthmawati, Yofi Devara Andesca (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POPULATION STRUCTURE OF LOKAN (Polymesoda expansa) IN THE REHABILITATION MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF ANAK SETATAH VILLAGE, MERANTI ISLANDS REGENCY
Polymesoda expanse belongs to the class of Bivalves found in mangrove forests; their habitat is between mangrove roots on muddy substrates, sandy mud and mangrove litter. This study aims to determine the abundance of P. expansa in Anak Setatah Village, Kepulauan Meranti Regency, examine the size-frequency distribution, and investigate the distribution pattern in the area. The study was conducted in October 2024 by using a survey method. The sites were located in the coastal waters of Anak Setatah Village. Station I is near residential areas, Station II is near fishing ports, and Station III is near agricultural areas. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyse differences in abundance between stations and zones. The results revealed significant differences in abundance, with Station II (near fishing ports) exhibiting the highest abundance and Station I (near residential areas) showing the lowest. The middle zone had the highest abundance among the zones. Furthermore, based on the results of the ANOVA test (p< 0.05), there is a significant difference in abundance between stations. The LSD test revealed a substantial difference in abundance between stations I and II, and stations I and III. However, no significant difference was found from the ANOVA test, with a p-value of 0.125 > 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference in abundance between zones. The size frequency of P. expansa ranged from 17.6-64.8 mm, and the distribution pattern was clustered
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Sumarni Fitri, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Syafruddin Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HEMATOLOGY OF STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) FED WITH ADDED FERMENTED HERBAL MEDICINE AND TESTED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila
Fermented herbs made from turmeric, ginger, and kencur have the potential to be antimicrobials and immunostimulants that can increase appetite and reduce fish stress due to changes in water quality. The research was conducted from June 2024 to August 2024 at the Fish Disease and Parasite Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. This study aims to determine the best frequency of fermented herbs enriched on the health of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) hematology after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, five treatments, and three replicates. Treatments consisted of Kn (negative control, no challenge test), Kp (positive control and challenge test), P1 (herbs enriched every day and challenge test), P2 (giving every 3 days and test challenge), and P3 (giving every 5 days and a test challenge). Fish were kept for 46 days and challenged with A. hydrophila (10⁸ CFU/mL) on day 32. Clinical symptoms were observed for 14 days post-challenge. The best results were obtained in treatment P1 with the following hematological parameters: erythrocytes 2.37×10⁶ cells/mm³, hematocrit 36.00%, hemoglobin 9.60 g/dL, leukocytes 11.14×10⁴ cells/mm³, glucose 69.33 mg/dL, and normal leukocyte differentiation. The survival rate reached 100%. Feeding fermented herbs effectively improved the health and body endurance of striped catfish
Copyright (c) 2025 Fharisa Nabila Rizvi, Henni Syawal, Morina Riauwaty (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IDENTIFICATION AND POTENTIAL PARASITES IN NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) CULTURED IN DOLO SUBDISTRICT, SIGI DISTRICT
Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater aquaculture fish in Dolo District, Sigi Regency. This study aimed to determine the type and prevalence of parasites on tilapia. This research was conducted from June to August 2024. Fish samples were taken in 5 villages: Kota Pulu, Kota Rindau, Potoya, Tulo, and Maku, with each village location taking as many as 10 fish, then parasite examination was carried out at the Central Sulawesi Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Center Laboratory. The method used was smear preparation (smear method) with the target organs being the skin (body mucus) and gills. The total number of samples examined was 50 fish with a length of 10.5-12.8 cm and a weight of 30-43g. The results of parasite identification found nine types of ectoparasites that infect Tilapia, namely Trichodina sp, Dactylogyrus sp, Uronema sp, Oodinium sp, Gyrodactylus sp, Chilodonela sp, Vorticella sp, Chlorosoma sp, Apiosoma sp, and Chichlidogyrus sp. The highest prevalence in Tilapia was in Dactylogyrus sp parasites at 70%, Trichodina sp at 28%, and Gyrodactylus sp at 2%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Usy Nora Manurung, Wijanarko Wijanarko, Serli Mauru, Melani Manurung, I Nyoman Adi Permana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CORAL REEF COVER CONDITION AND ABUNDANCE OF REEF FISH OF THE POMACENTRIDAE FAMILY IN THE WATERS OF PAGANG ISLAND, PESISIR SELATAN REGENCY, WEST SUMATRA
Coral reefs play a crucial role in maintaining marine biodiversity by providing habitat and resources for various aquatic organisms, including reef fish from the Pomacentridae family. This study aims to determine the condition of coral reef cover, the abundance of reef fish from the Pomacentridae family, and the relationship between coral reef cover and the abundance of reef fish from the Pomacentridae family in the waters of Pagang Island. The study used the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover analysis and the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for fish abundance data collection. The results showed that the average percentage value of coral reef cover at a depth of 5 m was 22.18%, and at a depth of 7 m was 12.80%, indicating a poor category for the percentage value of coral reef cover. Data collection was carried out at three different stations. The highest percentage of coral reef cover was found at station III at a depth of 5 m at 46.74% and at a depth of 6 m at 28.81%, while the lowest value was at station I at a depth of 5 m at 11.67% and at a depth of 7 m at 2.41%. The abundance of Pomacentridae reef fish varies between stations, with the highest abundance observed in areas with higher coral cover. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between coral reef cover and fish abundance, indicating that declining coral reef conditions can have a negative impact on fish populations. These findings highlight the importance of coral reef conservation efforts to maintain marine biodiversity and ecosystem balance
Copyright (c) 2025 Aga Azmi Hidayat, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Thamrin Thamrin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT (Carica papaya) AND ZEOLITE ON WATER QUALITY IN THE CULTIVATION MEDIUM FOR STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)
Striped catfish maintenance media often experience water quality problems. Efforts to overcome water quality problems can be made using papaya leaves (Carica papaya). Papaya leaf has benefits in maintaining water quality. In addition to papaya leaf, zeolite can be added as a water filter in the maintenance media. One of the water quality parameters that must be maintained is the physical parameters, namely temperature, turbidity, DHL, TDS, and TSS. This research was conducted from April 2024 to February 2025. This study aimed to determine the effect and best dosage of papaya leaf and zeolite solutions on water quality in striped catfish seed cultivation media. The method used in this study was the experimental method and Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which used four treatment levels with three replications. The treatments given were without papaya leaf solution and zeolite (P0), papaya leaf solution 4 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P1), 5 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P2), 6 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P3). The striped catfish used was 5.9-6.6 cm in size, with a stocking density of 60 fish/tank. Fish maintenance was carried out for 30 days, with feeding conducted at satiation levels, and the feeding frequency was 3 times a day, namely 08:00 WIB, 13:00 WIB, and 16:00 WIB. The administration of 6 ml/L papaya leaf solution resulted in temperature (25.63±0.05b), turbidity (1.83±0.01a), electrical conductivity (83.66±0.57a), TDS (63.66±0.57a) and TSS (28.00±1.00a) and absolute weight of 2.92±0.313c g/fish, absolute length of 3.56±0.472b cm/fish and LPS value of 1.72±0.122c g/day. Papaya leaf solution and zeolite filter significantly affected water quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anugrah Aurora Dhearesta, Saberina Hasibuan, Syafriadiman Syafriadiman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF DEGRADING BACTERIA MICROPLASTICS ON THE SURFACE WATER IN BAGANSIAPIAPI WATERS, RIAU PROVINCE
Microplastic pollution in the marine environment seriously threatens aquatic ecosystems, including in the coastal areas of Bagansiapiapi, Riau Province. This study aims to isolate and identify microplastic-degrading bacteria from the sea surface and test their degradation ability. Sampling was carried out at three different locations in the Bagansiapiapi waters, and then isolation, morphological identification, and biochemical tests were carried out at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Universitas Riau. Microplastic degradation tests using LDPE plastic were carried out for 30 days, and molecular identification was carried out using the 16S rRNA PCR method. The results showed significant differences in the number of bacteria between stations. Station I (port area) showed the highest bacterial density of 31.8 × 10⁴ CFU/ml. Six of the 14 bacterial isolates obtained showed the ability to degrade microplastics, with ISL 14 (Bacillus sp.) showing the highest degradation percentage of 30.38%. This finding shows the potential for utilizing local bacteria as bioremediation agents for microplastics in the marine environment effectively and environmentally friendly
Copyright (c) 2025 Aprilia Wulandari, Nursyirwani Nursyirwani, Feliatra Feliatra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POPULATION STRUCTURE AND HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS OF CLAM (Meretrix meretrix) IN THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF TELUK LANCAR VILLAGE, BENGKALIS REGENCY
Clam (Meretrix meretrix) is an economically and ecologically significant bivalve mollusk. This study aimed to determine the population structure and habitat characteristics of M. meretrix in the intertidal zone of Teluk Lancar Village, Bengkalis Regency. The research employed a survey method from November 2024 to February 2025, focusing on one station divided into three subzones (Upper, Middle, Lower). Results revealed that the sediment substrate was predominantly sandy mud with organic matter content ranging from 0.5% (middle zone) to 2% (upper zone). The highest abundance of M. meretrix was found in the middle subzone (3.1 ind/m²), while the lowest was in the upper subzone (2.0 ind/m²). No significant differences in abundance were observed between stations or intertidal subzones. Size distribution analysis revealed that the 2.68-3.17 cm class was the most common (15 individuals), while the 1.18-1.67 cm and 4.16-4.67 cm classes were the least represented (1 individual each). The distribution pattern of M. meretrix was uniform (Id < 1).
Copyright (c) 2025 Eka Ardiana, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF Curcuma xanthorrhiza ENRICHED FERMENTED PASTE FEED ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SURVIVAL OF GIANT GOURAMI (Osphronemus goramy) LARVAE
The growth of gourami (Osphronemus goramy) larvae is often hampered by the limited availability of natural food such as tubifex worms. The use of fermented paste feed enriched with Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb is expected to be an effective alternative. The research was conducted from June to August 2024 at the Fish Hatchery and Breeding Laboratory of Universitas Riau. This study aims to evaluate the effect of fermented paste feed enriched with C.xanthorrhiza on the growth performance and survival of O. goramy. A 40-day experiment was conducted using a completely randomised design (CRD) with five treatments: P1 (Tubifex/control), P2 (0 g/kg), P3 (6 g/kg), P4 (9 g/kg), and P5 (12 g/kg) temulawak. Growth, survival, feed response, and water quality were analyzed. The results showed that P3 significantly improved growth and survival compared to the other paste treatments, with weight gain (0.31 g), length gain (2.11 cm), specific growth rate (7.86%/day), and survival (76%). The best feed response was observed in P1 and followed by P3. Higher doses (P4 and P5) had a negative impact on performance. Fermented paste feed enriched with 6 g/kg C.xanthorrhiza showed potential as a partial alternative to Tubifex in rearing gourami larvae
Copyright (c) 2025 Syahdila Anjani Ramadina Rambe, Nur Asiah, Netti Aryani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROPLASTIC DEGRADING BACTERIA IN THE APHOTIC ZONE IN BAGANSIAPIAPI WATERS, RIAU
This study aims to isolate and identify microplastic-degrading bacteria from the aphotic zone in Bagansiapiapi waters, Riau Province. Seawater samples were taken from three different stations, namely the port area, the fisheries area, and the Rokan River estuary. Water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, current speed, brightness, and dissolved oxygen were measured to support environmental analysis. The method used in this study was a survey method, and the sampling location was around the Bagansiapiapi waters, Riau Province. A total of 9 samples were then taken to the laboratory for isolation and identification of microplastic-degrading bacteria. Bacterial isolation was carried out using Zobell Marine Agar media, morphological characterization and biochemical tests. The isolation results obtained 11 bacterial isolates with different morphological characteristics. The microplastic degradation test showed that three isolates, namely ISL1, ISL3, and ISL9, could degrade microplastics, with ISL1 showing a degradation percentage of 9.45%. Molecular analysis using 16S rRNA and BLAST techniques showed that the ISL1 isolate had a similarity of 99.93% with Stutzerimonas stutzeri. These results indicate the potential of native bacteria from the aphotic zone to be used in bioremediation efforts for microplastic pollution in waters
Copyright (c) 2025 Sutan Bachar, Feliatra Feliatra, Nursyirwani Nursyirwani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RESPONSE IMMUNITY OF GOLDFISH (Carassius auratus) INFECTED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila BACTERIA AND POST-TREATMENT WITH PROPOLIS SOLUTION
This study aims to determine the immunity response of Carassius auratus infected with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria and post-treatment with propolis solution by measuring total leukocytes and phagocytosis index. The method used is experimental by applying a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were Kn (not infected with A. hydrophila and not treated with propolis), Kp (infected with A. hydrophila but not treated with propolis), while fish infected with A. hydrophila were treated with propolis doses P1 (700 ppm), P2 (800 ppm), and P3 (900 ppm). Treatment was done by injecting 0.1 ml of propolis into fish infected with A. hydrophila intramuscularly. The test material was 150 fish of 8-10 cm in size. The results showed that propolis significantly gave an immune response to the C. auratus infected with A. hydrophila (p<0.05). The 800 ppm propolis dose was the most effective, as indicated by a total leukocyte count of 3.70×104 cells/mm3, a phagocytosis index value of 28.33%, and a survival rate of 83.33%. This study highlights that propolis has potential as a natural immunostimulatory agent in enhancing non-specific defense mechanisms in C. auratus infected with pathogenic bacteria
Copyright (c) 2025 M Riswan, Iesje Lukistyowati, Henni Syawal, Ronal Kurniawan, Rianti Putri, Mega Novia Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLICATION OF BIOFLOC TECHNOLOGY IN REARING RED TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) AT DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITIES IN BRACKISH WATER
Red tilapia is a fish with a relatively wide tolerance to salinity (euryhaline) changes, making it possible to cultivate red tilapia in brackish waters. Additionally, intensive farming environments can support increased stocking density. The application of biofloc technology can help address this issue. Biofloc technology is an alternative approach to addressing water quality issues in water bodies, adapted from conventional domestic wastewater treatment techniques, and can also serve as a source of natural food. This research aimed to determine the best stocking density of red tilapia reared in brackish water using biofloc technology. The method used in this research is the experimental method of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, five levels of treatment, and three replicates. The treatments applied were 20 fish/80 L (P1), 30 fish/80 L (P2), 40 fish/80 L (P3), 50 fish/80 L (P4) and 60 fish/80 L (P5). The red tilapia used as test fish were 3-5 cm in size and adapted to 17 ppt salinity. Feed with commercial pellets 3 times a day in sufficient amounts. This research was conducted for 50 days. The results showed the best stocking density was obtained in P4 (50 fish/80 L) which produced absolute weight of 8,87 ± 0,12 g, absolute length of 3,57 ± 0,07 cm, specific growth rate of 3,55 ± 0,12%, feed conversion ratio of 0,83 ± 0,06 kg, feed efficiency of 120,32 ± 7,81%, survival rate of 86 ± 4% and blood glucose level of 71 ± 5,13 mg/dL.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kurnia Ningsih, Iskandar Putra, Niken Ayu Pamukas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CONSUMPTION OF NATURAL FEED RICH IN CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH, INTESTINAL CONDITION, AND HEPATOPANCREAS OF SAND LOBSTER (Panulirus homarus) IN PANGANDARAN REGENCY
This study aims to investigate the stimulatory effects of natural feed with calcium and phosphorus supplementation on growth and survival via physiological poses of hepatopancreas and intestine in sand lobster (Panulirus homarus). A trial was done with three types of natural feed of shell rich in calcium and phosphorus for lobsters weighing 80 g (initial weight), and that contained different mineral values: shrimp (Acetes), with calcium/phosphorus content (mg/mg) of 757/292, anchovy (Stolephorus sp) with 500/500, and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) with 129/60. This study was conducted from October 2023 to December 2023 at the KJA of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, located on the East Coast of Pangandaran Regency. The parameters measured were survival, growth, histological health of the hepatopancreas and the intestine of the sand lobsters, and water quality. The results showed the highest survival of lobsters in the treatment fed by shrimp at 96%, and the highest specific growth rate of lobsters was found in the anchovy diet at 1.90 0.5117%. Intestinal villus area of lobster was 1857.667 µm2; besides this, the histology of Hepato pancreas and intestine has been described descriptively. Water quality parameters in the research site varied as depth-visibility was from 3.1 m, temperatures of 27 to 29°C, dissolved oxygen was 6.4 to 8.8 mg/L, pH range was 7 to 8, and the salinity range was 34 to 35 ppt
Copyright (c) 2025 Rita Rostika, Kiki Haetami, Aulia Andikawati, Pringgo Kusuma Dwi Noor Yadi Putra, Mochhamad Ikhsan Cahya Utama, Lady Ayu Sri Wijayanti, Yulvina Maulida, Dina Amalia Triyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECTS OF Bacillus sp PROBIOTICS ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF Carassius auratus IN URBAN FISH FARMING
This study aims to determine the optimum density of Bacillus sp. bacteria applied to feed to increase the growth of C. auratus maintained in a fish farming system in an 80 L bucket. As a form of urban farming, this research was conducted in the yard of Building 1 of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, UNPAD. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design model consisting of 4 treatments and three replications, namely treatment A (control), treatment B (Bacillus sp 106 CFU/mL), treatment C (Bacillus sp. 108 CFU/mL), and treatment D (Bacillus sp 1010 CFU/mL). Observations were made for 60 days. Observation parameters were weight growth, length growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, survival, and water quality. The results of this study indicate that treatment C (Bacillus sp 108 CFU/mL) was the most effective in increasing the growth of C. auratus, as seen from the absolute weight growth of 61.20 g, absolute length growth of 1.30 cm, specific growth rate of 0.77%/day, feed efficiency of 38%, and fish survival rate of 96% which were significantly different compared to the others.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Sabiq Syakir, Yuniar Mulyani, Rita Rostika, Kiki Haetami, Leonardo Davinci, Okta Rizal Karsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HYBRIDISATION OF FEMALE KOI (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) AND MALE KAPIAT (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) WITH ARTIFICIAL SPAWNING IN KAMPAR DISTRICT, RIAU
This study aims to evaluate the potential for hybridisation between female koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) and male kapiat (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) through artificial spawning. The study was conducted at Kampar Ornamental Fish, Kampar District, Riau Province. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatments: P1 (koi × koi) as the control, and P2 (koi × kapiat) as the hybrid treatment, each with three replicates. The parameters observed included fecundity, fertilisation rate (FR), hatching rate (HR), absolute length growth, and survival rate (SR). The results showed that hybridisation produced promising performance in terms of FR (21.99%), HR (55.02%), and SR (41.6%). In conclusion, hybridisation between koi and kapiat fish has the potential to produce superior varieties, although attention must be paid to environmental factors such as temperature and pH
Copyright (c) 2025 Abian Surya Nasita, Rita Rostika, Gatot Hari Priowirjanto, Irfan Zidni, Leonardo Davinci, Ronal Kurniawan, Okta Rizal Karsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE SPECIES AND ABUNDANCE OF BIVALVIA SPAT IN MANGROVE FOREST SUBSTRATE IN RUPAT ISLAND, BENGKALIS
The availability of bivalve spat has a strategic role in ensuring the sustainability of bivalve communities in aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to determine the species, abundance, and timing of bivalve spat settled on the basic substrate of mangrove forest in the intertidal zone of Rupat Island. This research was conducted in June - October 2017. The research was located in the intertidal zone, which is divided into three subzones: upper, middle, and lower. To collect spat bivalve using a net collector, like a tray. This research method was a survey method. The results showed that the bivalve spat had three types: Pilsbryoconcha exilis spat, Polymesoda expansa, and Pharella acutidens. The average abundance is 4.06 ind/m2; the highest abundance of bivalve spats was at the lower subzone, 2.13 ind/m2. The lower subzone was adjacent to the sea and was affected by the tides. From the monthly sampling, October was the highest, with an average abundance of 1.2 ind/m2. Spat catches in June-October were low, and the possibility of a recruit peak of bivalve spat had not happened yet.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizki Oktavian, Syafruddin Nasution, Zulkifli Zulkifli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL-SCALE CAPTURE FISHERIES IN BANGKO DISTRICT, ROKAN HILIR DISTRICT
This research was conducted in Bangko District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. This research aims to analyse the sustainability status of small-scale capture fisheries and leverage attributes that support their sustainability in the future. The method used in this research is a survey method with a quantitative approach and the determination of respondents is carried out randomly purposive sampling with the consideration that the respondents taken were two fishermen group leaders, one community leader, one fisheries instructor, one academic, one village official, two people from the Fisheries and Maritime Service, and one fishermen cooperative. The public criteria selected in this study to collect the primary data were seven people, namely, fishermen. The number of public respondents selected came from villages/districts, so the total number of respondents was 16. Based on research results sustainability status small-scale capture fisheries show a sustainability index with an average value of 51.65 or in the range 50-75 which is classified as quite sustainable and the leverage attributes from the five dimensions that are the most sensitive and have high leverage in influencing the sustainability status of capture fisheries include fishing time, nature ownership of fishing facilities, type or nature of fishing gear, fishermen's education level, and fisheries management plan (RPP).
Copyright (c) 2025 Darwis Darwis, Hazmi Arief, Neti Gebriella Siahaan, Tio Afandi Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF Pangasianodon hypophthalmus FED Cosmos caudatus ENRICHED FEED AND REARED IN SALINE MEDIA
Raising striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in dark conditions with low salinity (5 ppt) can support growth but may also cause stress and affect blood health. Adding Cosmos caudatus leaves, which contain natural bioactive compounds, in fish feed could offer a natural way to help boost the immune system. This study aimed to understand the hematological response of fish toward the C.caudatus enriched feed provision. The fish were reared for 60 days in 5 ppt salinity water and under a controlled photoperiod. There were four treatments: control (no C.caudatus) T1, T2 and T3 (10 g, 20 g, and 30 g of C.caudatus leave powder in 1 kg of feed). Parameters observed were red and white blood cell number, hemoglobin, hematocrit and glucose concentration, phagocytic activity, leukocrit, and types of white blood cells. Results showed that the T1 group significantly improved the ability of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and phagocytosis. Survival rates were high and showed no significant differences between treatments, suggesting that C.caudatus up to 30 g/kg is safe. Based on these findings, a dose of 10 g/kg can be recommended as an effective natural feed additive to help improve the health and immune system of P.hypopthalmus cultured in controlled rearing conditions
Copyright (c) 2025 Herliza Khairani Sahputri, Windarti Windarti, Deni Efizon, Ronal Kurniawan, Okta Rizal Karsih, Mega Novia Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF TOPOGRAPHICAL DIFFERENCES ON THE GROWTH OF KOI CARP (Cyprinus carpio koi)
Interest in the cultivation of koi carp commodities has increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Breeders come from various communities. This study aims to determine whether topographic differences have an effect or not on the growth of koi carp. The research was conducted from February to March 2022 for 45 days. The location of the research was carried out in three different places, Kaliangkrik, Tempuran, and Kebumen. The research method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 repetitions. The first treatment is an altitude of 1,030 meters above sea level (Kaliangkrik), the second is 323 meters above sea level (Tempuran), and the third is 26 meters above sea level (Kebumen). The data were analyzed using the Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) further tests. The results showed that topographic differences affect the growth of koi fish both in weight and length growth of koi fish. The altitude that produces the best growth in this study is at an altitude of 26 meters above sea level or located in Kebumen. This is supported by the data showing the highest weight (average 4,1 g), the longest (average 2.5 cm), the lowest FCR (average 2,16), and the highest Survival Rate (SR) high (80%).
Cyprinus carpio koi Water Quality Growth Topography
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND NUTRIENTS IN COASTAL WATERS, PELINTUNG VILLAGE, MEDANG KAMPAI DUMAI DISTRICT
This study is to determine the relationship between primary productivity and nutrients in the coastal waters of Pelintung Village, Medang Kampai District, Dumai. The research was conducted in March 2022; the method used in this research is survey method and purposive sampling. The research location is divided into 3 station points namely tourist area, secondary vegetation forest area, and near industrial area. The results of the measurement of the highest primary productivity value are found at Station III which is 78.91 mgC/m2/hour which indicates mesotrophic water conditions, while the lowest primary productivity value is at Station II, which is 46.88 mgC/m2/hour which indicates oligotrophic water conditions. The results of the analysis of the concentration of nitrate and phosphate between stations also varied, namely for the nitrate value of 0.04 – 0.05 mg/L which was included in the less fertile category, while the phosphate concentration was 0.042 – 0.048 mg/L which was included in the fertile category in the waters. Furthermore, the relationship between nitrate concentration and primary productivity is a correlation coefficient value (r) = -0.070 which means that there is a weak relationship between nitrate concentration and primary productivity. Meanwhile, the relationship between phosphate concentration and primary productivity is the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.965, which means that there is a very strong relationship between phosphate concentration and primary productivity. So it can be concluded that nitrate and phosphate nutrients can affect the primary productivity of water.
Nitrate Phosphate Pelintung Dumai Village Waters Primary Productivity
DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF GASTROPODS (MOLLUSCS) IN INTERTIDAL WATERS IN RUPAT SUBDISTRICT, BENGKALIS DISTRICT
This study aims to determine the distribution pattern and diversity of gastropods in the Intertidal Waters of the Rupat Timur District. The research was conducted in February 2022. The research location consisted of 3 stations, each station was placed 3 transects from the highest tide to the lowest tide at different distances. Along the transect lines were placed 3 plots with a size of 3 x 3 m and each plot has a subplot with a size of 1 x 1 m. The method used in this research is the survey method. Parameters measured include gastropod species, distribution patterns, diversity, abundance, relative abundance, and water quality. The results of the study found gastropod species consisting of 9 (nine) families, 12 (twelve) genera, and 13 (thirteen) species. The distribution pattern of gastropods in the research location is clustered with the value of diversity (H') at a moderate level of diversity. Diversity is categorized as moderate. The highest abundance of gastropods was found on the beach of Sukarjo Mesim Village (a station I) with an abundance value of 25,600 ind/ha and the lowest abundance was found on the beach of Teluk Lecah Village (station III) with an abundance value of 11,100 ind/ha, while the highest abundance of gastropods between intertidal subzones was in the upper zone with an abundance value of 20,400 ind/ha and the lowest abundance was in the lower zone with an abundance value of 12,200 ind/ha. The highest relative abundance was Indothais javanica species with a relative abundance value of 18.30%, while the lowest relative abundance was Oliva ornata species with a relative abundance value of 0.85%. Temperature 29-30o C; salinity 28-30 ppt; pH 5-6; DO 5.2-6.4 mg/l. Sediment type in the station I was dominated by mud, station II was dominated by muddy sand and station III was dominated by sand with total sediment organic matter content of 0.46-23.33%.
STAKEHOLDER AND INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LUBUK LARANGAN TEPIAN LAMO DUSUN RANTAU PANDAN BUNGO REGENCY JAMBI PROVINCE
Lubuk larangan Tepian Lamo is located in Rantau Pandan Hamlet, Bungo Regency, Jambi Province. Formed in 2015 the formation was carried out in deliberation by the community, traditional leaders and the Livestock and Fishery Service of Bungo Regency, the management of Lubuk larangan was carried out based on the customary law of the local Hamlet. Monitoring of community participation is still relatively low, namely for thoughts 18.6%, property 15.5%, expertise 13.5% and personnel 20.3%. The high energy score is evidenced by the high participation of the community in carrying out mutual cooperation for opening, closing and mutual cooperation for repairing facilities and infrastructure in the Lubuk larangan area.
Stakeholders institutions management the bottom of the prohibition of Tepian Lamo
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY OF FRESHWATER LOBSTER (Cherax quadricarinatus) THE GROWTH OF GOURAMY (Osphronemus gouramy) IN POLYCULTURE SYSTEM
Polyculture is cultivation in one container that produces more than one species of fish simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect on the growth of gouramy in polyculture system. This study uses an experimental method of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 4 treatments and 4 repetitions that is P1 (15 species gouramy), P2 (10 species of limnetic lobster ad is species of gouramy), P3 (15 species of limnetic lobster and 15 species of gouramy), and P4 (20 species of limnetic and 15 species of gouramy). The data analysis used is analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for futher test, while the quality of water is analysed descriptively. The observation result show that different stocking density treatment affects absolute length growth of gouramy (O.gouramy). This is because the stocking density of limnetic lobster (C. quadricarinatus) is different for each treatment on gouramy (O. gouramy). The highest average result of measure ment of absolute weight growth is 1,45 ± 0,017 g. This is because the stocking density of limnetic lobster (C. quadricarinatus) at P2 is low. Low stocking density provides suitable space for gouramy to move and live. The maintenance of the polyculture system is better done with 10 species of limnetic lobster and 15 species gouramy because it makes the best absolute length and weight growth.
DECOMPOSITION RATE OF LITTERFALL MANGROVE Rhizophora sp. AT SUNGAI BERSEJARAH MANGROVE AREA, KAYU ARA PERMAI VILLAGE, SUNGAI APIT DISTRICT, SIAK REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE
This research was carried out in February 2021 in the Historic River Mangrove Tourism Area, Kayu Ara Permai Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. This study aims to analyze the rate of decomposition of inter mangrove litter. The method used in this study is a survey method and the determination of the sampling location by purposive sampling. The rate of decomposition of mangrove leaf litter was carried out by placing 10 g of litter in a litter bag on the mangrove forest floor in three zones for 4 weeks and taken every week as a sample. The results showed that the water quality, namely the temperature ranged from 28-30°C, salinity 30-31‰, and pH 6.1-6.4. The results of the calculation of the rate of decomposition of mangrove leaves obtained an average of 0.25–0.11 g/day. The results of the Anova test showed that the rate of decomposition of mangrove leaf litter was higher in zone 1, which is relatively always inundated by tides and is affected by sea waves.
Decomposition Rate Sungai Bersejarah Mangrove Area Rhizophora
YASHIL GOL’S ECO-TOURISM POTENTIAL: STUDY CASE
The richest eco-tourism potential and real ecosystem of Yashil Gol were studied using remote sensing methods in aerospace sources. Based on these materials, the eco-geographical factors of the lake were revealed using OpenStreetMap and Google Earth. The lake territory comprises 2,551 m² (0.26 ha), and the total perimeter of the lake circle is 202.4 m. The lake’s absolute height is about 909 m above sea level, and the relative height is 1.37 km. The lake shape resembles an oval leaf from space. Consequently, the map length is 76.60 m, but the ground length is approximately 76.96 m, with a heading of 193.43° on the Google Earth map. The lake’s map width is 63.37 m, but the ground width reaches 63.39 m, with a heading of 90.59 ° on the Google Earth map. Yashil Gol is located at 40°45'35"N latitude and 48°32'19"E longitude. The eco-tourism reserves of Yashil Gol haven't been studied by researchers today. Correspondingly, the climate conditions of the lake territory were investigated, and the data are presented in the paper. According to Landsat and other aerospace materials, as well as visits to the lake throughout the four seasons, monitoring deals with climate, forest, and visitor impacts. The woodland cover square around the lake was defined as about 0.88 ha within a 678 m perimeter. There is only one small café on the lakeshore. None of the cottages, hotels, or hostels are located here. Orthofauna members are observed in Autumn as wild birds migrate to warmer areas. The birds are mainly included in the «Green Book» and «Red Book» of the Republic. To investigate the entire ecosystem of Yashil Gol, researchers from various scientific fields must study it.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ulviyya Mammadova (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT TRANSFORMATION THROUGH DEEP LEARNING: FROM LABORATORY TO LARGE-SCALE IMPLEMENTATION (OCEAN)
The exponential growth of environmental challenges, particularly those affecting water resources, necessitates innovative technological interventions beyond conventional approaches. This review explores the transformative potential of deep learning technologies in water quality management across different scales from controlled laboratory environments to complex oceanic systems. By analyzing recent developments, we identify how neural networks, especially convolutional and recurrent architectures, have revolutionized water quality parameter prediction, anomaly detection, and ecosystem monitoring. Integrating multi-modal data streams with advanced algorithms has enabled unprecedented predictive accuracy and real-time assessment capabilities, transforming reactive monitoring systems into proactive management frameworks. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in data standardization, model interpretability, and the practical deployment of these technologies in resource-constrained settings. This review critically assesses current research trajectories and identifies promising avenues for future development, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in translating laboratory innovations to large-scale implementation for safeguarding our most precious resource
Copyright (c) 2025 M Irsyad Nur, Rizka Aprisanti, Ronal Kurniawan, Ade Yulindra, Nabila Afifah Azuga, M Natsir Kholis, Irwan Limbong (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0